Node.js:MySQL

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Node.js 连接 MySQL,并对数据库进行操作。


使用到的 Websites 表 SQL 文件 websites.sql:

/*
 Navicat MySQL Data Transfer

 Source Server         : 127.0.0.1
 Source Server Version : 50621
 Source Host           : localhost
 Source Database       : RUNOOB

 Target Server Version : 50621
 File Encoding         : utf-8

 Date: 05/18/2016 11:44:07 AM
*/

SET NAMES utf8;
SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 0;

-- ----------------------------
--  Table structure for `websites`
-- ----------------------------
DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `websites`;
CREATE TABLE `websites` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` char(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '站点名称',
  `url` varchar(255) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `alexa` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT 'Alexa 排名',
  `country` char(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '国家',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=6 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

-- ----------------------------
--  Records of `websites`
-- ----------------------------
BEGIN;
INSERT INTO `websites` VALUES ('1', 'Google', 'https://www.google.cm/', '1', 'USA'), ('2', '淘宝', 'https://www.taobao.com/', '13', 'CN'), ('3', '菜鸟教程', 'http://www.runoob.com/', '4689', 'CN'), ('4', '微博', 'http://weibo.com/', '20', 'CN'), ('5', 'Facebook', 'https://www.facebook.com/', '3', 'USA');
COMMIT;

SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS = 1;

安装驱动

使用了 cnpm 命令(淘宝定制的命令)进行安装:

$ cnpm install mysql

连接数据库

示例,“test.js”:

var mysql = require('mysql');

var connection = mysql.createConnection({
    host : 'localhost',
    user : 'root',
    password : '123456',
    database : 'test'
});
 
connection.connect();
 
connection.query('SELECT 1 + 1 AS solution', function (error, results, fields) {
    if (error) throw error;
    console.log('The solution is: ', results[0].solution);
});

执行以下命令输出结果为:

$ node test.js
The solution is: 2

连接参数

参数 描述
host 主机地址 (默认:localhost)
user 用户名
password 密码
port 端口号 (默认:3306)
database 数据库名
charset 连接字符集(默认:'UTF8_GENERAL_CI',注意字符集的字母都要大写)
localAddress 此 IP 用于 TCP 连接(可选)
socketPath 连接到 unix 域路径,当使用 host 和 port 时会被忽略
timezone 时区(默认:'local')
connectTimeout 连接超时(默认:不限制;单位:毫秒)
stringifyObjects 是否序列化对象
typeCast 是否将列值转化为本地 JavaScript 类型值 (默认:true)
queryFormat 自定义 query 语句格式化方法
supportBigNumbers 数据库支持 bigint 或 decimal 类型列时,需要设此 option 为 true (默认:false)
bigNumberStrings supportBigNumbers 和 bigNumberStrings 启用:强制 bigint 或 decimal 列以 JavaScript 字符串类型返回(默认:false)
dateStrings 强制 timestamp、datetime、data 类型以字符串类型返回,而不是 JavaScript Date 类型(默认:false)
debug 开启调试(默认:false)
multipleStatements 是否许一个 query 中有多个 MySQL 语句 (默认:false)
flags 用于修改连接标志
ssl 使用 ssl 参数(与crypto.createCredenitals参数格式一至)或一个包含 ssl 配置文件名称的字符串,目前只捆绑 Amazon RDS 的配置文件

数据库操作( CURD )

查询数据

示例:

var mysql  = require('mysql');  
 
var connection = mysql.createConnection({     
    host: 'localhost',       
    user: 'root',              
    password: '123456',       
    port: '3306',                   
    database: 'test' 
}); 

connection.connect();
 
var sql = 'SELECT * FROM websites';
// 查
connection.query(sql, function (err, result) {
        if(err){
          console.log('[SELECT ERROR] - ',err.message);
          return;
        }
 
       console.log('--------------------------SELECT----------------------------');
       console.log(result);
       console.log('------------------------------------------------------------\n\n');  
});
 
connection.end();

执行结果:

$ node test.js
--------------------------SELECT----------------------------
[ RowDataPacket {
    id: 1,
    name: 'Google',
    url: 'https://www.google.cm/',
    alexa: 1,
    country: 'USA' },
  RowDataPacket {
    id: 2,
    name: '淘宝',
    url: 'https://www.taobao.com/',
    alexa: 13,
    country: 'CN' },
  RowDataPacket {
    id: 3,
    name: '菜鸟教程',
    url: 'http://www.runoob.com/',
    alexa: 4689,
    country: 'CN' },
  RowDataPacket {
    id: 4,
    name: '微博',
    url: 'http://weibo.com/',
    alexa: 20,
    country: 'CN' },
  RowDataPacket {
    id: 5,
    name: 'Facebook',
    url: 'https://www.facebook.com/',
    alexa: 3,
    country: 'USA' } ]
------------------------------------------------------------

插入数据

示例:

var mysql  = require('mysql');  
 
var connection = mysql.createConnection({     
    host: 'localhost',       
    user: 'root',              
    password: '123456',       
    port: '3306',                   
    database: 'test' 
}); 

connection.connect();
 
var addSql = 'INSERT INTO websites(Id,name,url,alexa,country) VALUES(0,?,?,?,?)';
var addSqlParams = ['菜鸟工具', 'https://c.runoob.com', '23453', 'CN'];
// 增
connection.query(addSql, addSqlParams, function (err, result) {
        if(err){
         console.log('[INSERT ERROR] - ',err.message);
         return;
        }        
 
       console.log('--------------------------INSERT----------------------------');
       //console.log('INSERT ID:',result.insertId);        
       console.log('INSERT ID:',result);        
       console.log('-----------------------------------------------------------------\n\n');  
});
 
connection.end();

执行结果:

$ node test.js
--------------------------INSERT----------------------------
INSERT ID: OkPacket {
  fieldCount: 0,
  affectedRows: 1,
  insertId: 6,
  serverStatus: 2,
  warningCount: 0,
  message: '',
  protocol41: true,
  changedRows: 0 }
-----------------------------------------------------------------

更新数据

示例:

var mysql  = require('mysql');  
 
var connection = mysql.createConnection({     
    host: 'localhost',       
    user: 'root',              
    password: '123456',       
    port: '3306',                   
    database: 'test' 
}); 

connection.connect();
 
var modSql = 'UPDATE websites SET name = ?,url = ? WHERE Id = ?';
var modSqlParams = ['菜鸟移动站', 'https://m.runoob.com',6];
// 改
connection.query(modSql, modSqlParams, function (err, result) {
   if(err){
         console.log('[UPDATE ERROR] - ',err.message);
         return;
   }        
  console.log('--------------------------UPDATE----------------------------');
  console.log('UPDATE affectedRows',result.affectedRows);
  console.log('-----------------------------------------------------------------\n\n');
});
 
connection.end();

执行结果:

--------------------------UPDATE----------------------------
UPDATE affectedRows 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------

删除数据

示例:删除 id 为 6 的数据

var mysql  = require('mysql');  
 
var connection = mysql.createConnection({     
    host: 'localhost',       
    user: 'root',              
    password: '123456',       
    port: '3306',                   
    database: 'test' 
});  
 
connection.connect();
 
var delSql = 'DELETE FROM websites where id=6';
//删
connection.query(delSql, function (err, result) {
        if(err){
          console.log('[DELETE ERROR] - ',err.message);
          return;
        }        
 
       console.log('--------------------------DELETE----------------------------');
       console.log('DELETE affectedRows',result.affectedRows);
       console.log('-----------------------------------------------------------------\n\n');  
});
 
connection.end();

执行结果:

--------------------------DELETE----------------------------
DELETE affectedRows 1
-----------------------------------------------------------------